Origins and History of Batik Indonesia

Origins and History of Batik Indonesia

Batik is historically derived from our ancestors, known since XVII century, written and painted on palm leaves. At that motif of batik was dominated with the form of animals and plants. But in its development history of batik has developed, from painting motifs of animals and plants gradually turn to the abstract motif that resembles a cloud, temple reliefs, wayang beber and so forth. Furthermore, through the merger of the painting with the art style of clothes frieze art of batik as we know it today.
The type and style of traditional batik considered very much, but the pattern and its variations according to the philosophy and culture of each region are very diverse. The Indonesian nation of cultural treasures which have prompted the birth of such a rich variety of styles and types of batik tradisioanal with the characteristics of their own specialty.
Growth in Indonesian Batik
The history of batik in Indonesia associated with the development of the Majapahit kingdom and the kingdom afterwards. In some records, the development of batik is mostly done during the dark days of the Mataram kingdom, then in the kingdom of Solo and Yogyakarta.
Batik art is the art of drawing on the fabric for clothing that becomes one of the family culture Indonesian kings of old. Batik initially worked in the palace just limited to clothing and the result was the king and family and his followers. Because many of the followers of the king who lived outside the palace, the art of batik was brought by the palace and carried them out in place of each.
The process of making batik
In the development of batik art was gradually imitated by the people nearest and subsequently expanded into the work of women in the household to fill his spare time. Furthermore, batik clothing was only the royal family, then became a popular folk clothes, both women and men.
White fabric that is used when it is the result of homespun. Coloring materials being used consists of plants native to Indonesia who made their own from among others: noni tree, tall, soga, indigo, and materials made from soda ash soda, as well as salts made from mud.
So this batik in Indonesia has been known since the days of the Majapahit kingdom and continue to grow until the next kingdom. As for starting the spread of this batik art belongs to the people of Indonesia and Java in particular tribe is after the end of the century or the beginning of XVIII-XIX century. Produced batik batik is all until the early twentieth century and printed batik is known only then after the world wars or the unity around the year 1920. Now batik has become part of traditional Indonesian clothing.
Pekalongan Batik
Although no official records began to be known when the batik in Pekalongan, but according to estimates existing in Pekalongan batik around the year 1800. Even according to the data recorded at the Ministry, batik was made in 1802, as a small tree motif in the form of dress material.
But significant progress is expected to occur after a major war in 1825-1830 in the kingdom of Mataram, called Java Diponegoro war or war. With the onset of this battle royal family and urged his followers to leave many areas of the kingdom. They then spread towards the East and West. Later in the area - a new area that the family and followers develop batik.
To the east of Solo and Yogyakarta batik batik improve the existing pattern in Mojokerto and Tulungagung to spread to Gresik, Surabaya and Madura. Medium West toward developing batik in Banyumas, Kebumen, Tegal, Cirebon and Pekalongan. With this migration, the existing Pekalongan batik previously flourished.
Over time, Batik Pekalongan experienced rapid growth compared with other regions. In this region, batik grew around coastal areas, namely in the regions and regional town of Pekalongan Buaran, Pekajangan and Wonopringgo.
Pekalongan public encounter with the various nations such as China, Dutch, Arabic, Indian, Malaysian and Japanese in ancient times have graced the motives and dynamics of full color art of batik.
In connection with the several types of batik effect results from various countries who came to be known as the identity of Pekalongan batik. Motifs, namely batik Jlamprang, inspired from Indian and Arab Affairs. Then batik Encim and Klengenan, influenced by the Peranakan Chinese. Dutch batik, batik Morning Afternoon, and batik Hokokai, growing rapidly since the Japanese occupation.
Cultural development of printing techniques using dye motifs closing night (candles) on the fabric which was then called batik, is inseparable from the influence of those countries. This shows the resiliency of batik context of the times.
Pekalongan batik is very unique because it rested entirely on hundreds of small entrepreneurs, rather than on a handful of large employers have capital. Since many decades ago until now, most of Pekalongan batik production process is done in homes. As a result, closely united with batik Pekalongan Pekalongan community life which is now divided into two administrative regions, namely Pekalongan Municipality and Regency of Pekalongan.
Pekalongan batik tidal development, show worthy of Pekalongan batik an icon for the developments in the archipelago. Icon for works of art that never surrendered to the development of times and always dynamic. Now batik has become a breath of everyday life Pekalongan residents and is one of key products. This is because many industries which produce batik. Because the product is known for his batik, known as CITY BATIK Pekalongan. The nickname came from a long tradition rooted in Pekalongan. During that long period, various properties, the variety of uses, type design, as well as batik quality is determined by the climate and the presence of fibers of local, historical factors, trade and the readiness of communities to understand and accept new ideas.
Batik is an art culture that admired the world, among the traditional varieties produced with dye technology hurdles, none of which can be present as beautiful and as smooth as Pekalongan batik.

History of Batik Technique

  

Art fabrics stained with staining prevention techniques using night is one of the ancient art form. The discovery in Egypt showed that this technique has been known since the 4th century BC, with the discovery of a mummy wrapping cloth which is also coated the night to form a pattern. In Asia, similar to batik technique is also applied in China during the T'ang Dynasty (618-907) as well as in India and Japan during the Nara Period (645-794). In Africa, such as batik technique known by the Yoruba tribe in Nigeria, and the Soninke and Wolof tribe in Senegal. In Indonesia, batik is believed to have existed since the time of Majapahit, and became very popular end of the XVIII century or early nineteenth century. Produced batik batik is everything to early twentieth century and the new batik known after World War I or about the year 1920.