Marionette Puppet in Indonesia (West Java)
1. The origin The origin of the puppet show is clearly not known because there is no complete information, whether written or oral. Attendance puppet show can not be separated from the wayang kulit puppet show because it is the development of wayang kulit. However, Salmun (1986) mentions that in the year 1583 AD Sunan Kudus make puppets out of wood which was then called the puppet show can be staged in the afternoon. In line with that Ismunandar (1988) mentions that in the early 16th century by Sunan Kudus make up 'puppet Purwo' number of 70 pieces with a story accompanied by gamelan Salendro Menak. Her performance done in the afternoon. This puppet does not need a screen. The shape resembles a doll made of wood (instead of leather as well as wayang kulit). So, like a marionette. Therefore, it is called as a puppet show.
At first the dilakonkan in the puppet show is story banner and the wayang puppet show called feudal. It is said that this new puppet show there since Panembahan Queen (great-grandson of Sunan Gunung Jati (1540-1650)). There (in the area of Cirebon) is called a puppet show or wayang transvestite smacking because it forms a flat head. In the days of Prince Girilaya (1650-1662) equipped with a crew cut puppet story taken from the Chronicle and the historical land of Java. Play-act that was delivered at that time revolved around the spread of Islam. Furthermore, the puppet show with the hero of Ramayana and Mahabharata (purwa puppet) who was born in 1840 (Somantri, 1988).
Birth puppet show initiated by Dalem Karang Anyar (Wiranata Koesoemah III) during the last term of office. It was Dalem ordered Ki Darman (wayang kulit penyungging Tegal origin) who live in Cibiru, Edge Berung, to make a puppet out of wood. Puppets who made the original form of flat-shaped and patterned on the wayang kulit. However, on further development, at the instigation of Dalem, Ki Darman create a rounded puppet show is not much different now with the puppet show. Priangan own in the area known in the early 19th century. Introduction of Sundanese people with puppet show possible since the opening of the highway that connects Daendels Priangan coast with mountainous. Original puppet show in Priangan using Java language. However, after the Sundanese mendalang clever, then the language used is Sundanese.
2. Marionette Puppet Types There are three types of puppet show, namely: crew cut puppet show, puppet show Purwa, and modern puppet. Puppet show transvestite (cropped) known in Cirebon with stories chronicle and legend as well as using the language of Cirebon. Purwa puppet show is a special puppet brings the story to the Mahabharata and Ramayana as an introduction to the Sundanese language. Meanwhile, modern puppet like wayang purwa (the story of Mahabharata and Ramayana, but in his plays use electricity to make the tricks. Making these tricks to adjust the puppet show with modern life. Wayang puppet initiated by the RU Partasuanda modern and developed by Asep Sunandar years 1970-1980.
3. Manufacture Puppet made of albasiah or lame. How made is to whittle and carve it, that they resemble the desired shape. To color and draw the eyes, eyebrows, lips and motives in the puppet head, used paint duko. This Cat makes the puppet appear brighter. Tinting puppet is an important part because it can produce a variety of character. The primary color used in the puppet there are four, namely: red, white, prada, and black.
4. Cultural Values Puppet show as an art not only contain purely aesthetic values, but covered the whole the values contained in the supporting community. These values articulated by the artists and artists who carry the code of ethics puppetry puppetry. Code of ethics puppetry is called "Seven Precepts of Honor Artists Artist puppetry West Java." The formulation of a code of ethics is the result of deliberation puppetry artists puppetry artist on February 28, 1964 in Bandung. Its contents include the following: One: Artists and artist puppetry is a true artist because it must maintain its value. Two: Educate the public. That's why obligated to give examples, both in the form of speech or behavior. Three: Interpreter lights. Because it is required to convey messages or to assist the government as well as spreading the ideals of any nation state to the public. Four: Social Indonesia. Because it is required to hold the soul mutual assistance in all issues. Five: Susilawan. Required to maintain the ethics of the community. Six: Have own personality, it is required to maintain their own personalities and nations. Seven: Setiawan. Then the required submission and obedience, and respect the laws of the Republic of Indonesia, as well as against the mores of the nation.
At first the dilakonkan in the puppet show is story banner and the wayang puppet show called feudal. It is said that this new puppet show there since Panembahan Queen (great-grandson of Sunan Gunung Jati (1540-1650)). There (in the area of Cirebon) is called a puppet show or wayang transvestite smacking because it forms a flat head. In the days of Prince Girilaya (1650-1662) equipped with a crew cut puppet story taken from the Chronicle and the historical land of Java. Play-act that was delivered at that time revolved around the spread of Islam. Furthermore, the puppet show with the hero of Ramayana and Mahabharata (purwa puppet) who was born in 1840 (Somantri, 1988).
Birth puppet show initiated by Dalem Karang Anyar (Wiranata Koesoemah III) during the last term of office. It was Dalem ordered Ki Darman (wayang kulit penyungging Tegal origin) who live in Cibiru, Edge Berung, to make a puppet out of wood. Puppets who made the original form of flat-shaped and patterned on the wayang kulit. However, on further development, at the instigation of Dalem, Ki Darman create a rounded puppet show is not much different now with the puppet show. Priangan own in the area known in the early 19th century. Introduction of Sundanese people with puppet show possible since the opening of the highway that connects Daendels Priangan coast with mountainous. Original puppet show in Priangan using Java language. However, after the Sundanese mendalang clever, then the language used is Sundanese.
2. Marionette Puppet Types There are three types of puppet show, namely: crew cut puppet show, puppet show Purwa, and modern puppet. Puppet show transvestite (cropped) known in Cirebon with stories chronicle and legend as well as using the language of Cirebon. Purwa puppet show is a special puppet brings the story to the Mahabharata and Ramayana as an introduction to the Sundanese language. Meanwhile, modern puppet like wayang purwa (the story of Mahabharata and Ramayana, but in his plays use electricity to make the tricks. Making these tricks to adjust the puppet show with modern life. Wayang puppet initiated by the RU Partasuanda modern and developed by Asep Sunandar years 1970-1980.
3. Manufacture Puppet made of albasiah or lame. How made is to whittle and carve it, that they resemble the desired shape. To color and draw the eyes, eyebrows, lips and motives in the puppet head, used paint duko. This Cat makes the puppet appear brighter. Tinting puppet is an important part because it can produce a variety of character. The primary color used in the puppet there are four, namely: red, white, prada, and black.
4. Cultural Values Puppet show as an art not only contain purely aesthetic values, but covered the whole the values contained in the supporting community. These values articulated by the artists and artists who carry the code of ethics puppetry puppetry. Code of ethics puppetry is called "Seven Precepts of Honor Artists Artist puppetry West Java." The formulation of a code of ethics is the result of deliberation puppetry artists puppetry artist on February 28, 1964 in Bandung. Its contents include the following: One: Artists and artist puppetry is a true artist because it must maintain its value. Two: Educate the public. That's why obligated to give examples, both in the form of speech or behavior. Three: Interpreter lights. Because it is required to convey messages or to assist the government as well as spreading the ideals of any nation state to the public. Four: Social Indonesia. Because it is required to hold the soul mutual assistance in all issues. Five: Susilawan. Required to maintain the ethics of the community. Six: Have own personality, it is required to maintain their own personalities and nations. Seven: Setiawan. Then the required submission and obedience, and respect the laws of the Republic of Indonesia, as well as against the mores of the nation.
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