THE ART OF TRADITIONAL MUSIC INSTRUMENT CALUNG of specific INDONESIA

THE ART OF TRADITIONAL MUSIC INSTRUMENT CALUNG of specific INDONESIA

Calung is a Sundanese musical instrument which is the prototype (prototype) of angklung. Unlike angklung played by digoyangkan, beating calung way is by hitting the bars (wilahan, blades) from sections (a bamboo tube) that is composed by titi barrel (scales) pentatonic (da-na-mi-ti-la) . Species of bamboo for the manufacture of most of awi calung Wulung (black bamboo), but some are made from awi temen (white bamboo).

Understanding calung other than as a musical instrument is also attached with the term performance art. There are two forms of the Sunda calung known, namely calung calung rantay and portable.

 Calung rantay

Calung rantay deretkan bar in the jar with a leather strap hibiscus (lulub) from the largest to the smallest, in number 7 wilahan (7 bamboo) or more. The composition of the single row of tools exist and there is also a two-row (calung ovary and calung child / calung rincik). How to play calung rantay being hit with two hands while sitting bersilah, usually calung is tied to a tree or a cubicle house (calung rantay Banjaran-Bandung), have also made shelf "cradle" of special bamboo or wood, for example calung tarawangsa in Cibalong and Cipatujah , Tarlac, calung rantay in Banjaran and Baduy / Baduy.

Calung Jinjing

The rows of bamboo-shaped portable calung pitched blade held together with tiny bamboo (paniir). Calung tote comprising four or five fruits, such as calung kingking (consisting of 12 bamboo tubes), calung panepas (5 / 3 and 2 bamboo tubes), calung jongjrong (5 / 3 and 2 bamboo tubes), and calung bark (two tubes bamboo). Calung completeness in its development today there are only using calung kingking one fruit, two fruits and calung panempas barking one, without using the play mode calung jongjrong hit with a right hand wearing the bat, and left hand clutching / holding the instrument. While other inter menabuhnya techniques dimelodi, dikeleter, dikemprang, dikempyung, diraeh, dirincik, dirangkep (diracek), salancar, corkscrew and solorok.

Development 

Type calung which is now growing and widely known: calung portable. Calung is a type of portable music devices that have long been known by the Sundanese people, eg in the Sundanese community in the area Sindang Heula - Brebes, Central Java, and could be the development of forms calung rantay. But in West Java, this art form was pioneered in popularity when the students at the University of Padjadjaran (UNPAD) incorporated in the Department of Arts Student Council (Institute for UNPAD arts) to develop this form of calung through his creativity in 1961. According to one of the pioneering, Ekik Barkah, that pengkemasan calung tote with her show was inspired by the form of games on the show that combines elements reog hit the drum, movement and song combined. Then in 1963 the form of the game and hit the drum calung more developed again by friends of the Theatre Studiklub Bandung (STB; Koswara Sumaamijaya et al), and between the years 1964 to 1965 calung more promoted again by friends in UNPAD as the character of performing arts entertainment and information (extension (Oman Suparman, he Ruchiyat, Eppi K., Enip Sukanda, Edi, Zahir, and friends), and group calung SMAN 4 Bandung (Abdurohman et al). Furthermore, emerging groups in the community calung Bandung, for example Layung Sari, Ria Buana, and Glamour (1970) and others, up to today's emerging players names calung idol among others Tajudin Nirwan, Odo, Uko Hendarto, Adang Cengos, and Hendarso.
Calung so rapid development of the arts in West Java, so there is the addition of several instruments in calung, for example kosrek, Kacapi, piul (violin) and some even complete with keyboard and guitar. Vocal element is very dominant, so many famous calung emerging vocalists, such as Cengos Adang, and Hendarso.